Should Home Sellers Hire an Appraiser?

Man standing next to metal ladder, pointing as he talks about a home appraisal with a potential buyer.
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Home sellers may think they should obtain an appraisal from a professional appraiser prior to listing a home for sale. However, unless the property is so unique that the listing agent cannot prepare a comparative market analysis, paying for a full-fledged appraisal might be overkill.

Key Takeaways

  • Appraisals are estimates of a home's value and depend greatly on the individual appraiser.
  • Buyers are more than likely to be required to have the home appraised by their lender, so a seller appraisal is a waste unless the seller is using it to place a price on the home.
  • While real estate agents have a good idea of how much a home might cost, they can only prepare an estimate of value that lenders do not accept.

Varying Degrees of Professional Appraisers

Appraisers are like professionals in any other field—some are excellent, and some could not find a property with two maps and a flashlight.

Note

Appraisals are not a guarantee of value. Sometimes, an appraisal is not even an estimate of value.

In some states, appraisers might not have to be licensed. Unless a seller has first-hand experience with a particular appraiser, there is no way to be completely confident the appraisal will be accurate.

Appraiser Errors

Appraisers can make mistakes. If the appraiser is unfamiliar with a neighborhood or its quirks that might detract from value, the appraisal might be incomplete. The method used by many appraisers to establish market value is to compare similar homes in a similar condition that have recently sold. Sometimes, agents remove photographs after closing from multiple listing service (MLS).

Note

If the appraiser hasn't viewed the interior of the home, the appraiser could unwittingly use a home in need of repair as a comparable sale to an updated home.

Appraisals Using Realtor Information

Appraisers can't always find all of the required data and may ask real estate agents for information about their recent sales. The appraisers want to know if there was anything unusual about the home, whether the seller paid for the buyer's closing costs, or if there were special concessions. Not every real estate agent is available to answer these types of questions, and not every appraiser asks. Top producing agents might not recall the details of every single transaction.

Note

Even expert appraisers won't always agree. Ask three appraisers for an opinion of value, and you'll most likely get three different opinions.

Buyers and Comparable Sales

Home pricing is part art and part science. When real estate agents prepare a comparative market analysis, they are trying to determine how much a buyer will pay for the home and the price at which the lender's buyer will appraise. These values can be two different numbers.

Sometimes buyers are very confused when shopping for a home. They generally compare values among homes they have toured, so they don't really know how to determine value when the only homes they see are homes for sale. They know what other sellers are asking for their homes, but they often do not know which homes in the neighborhood have recently sold and for how much.

Note

If they are given comparable sales, buyers generally do not have enough appraisal knowledge to know how to adjust for variances between homes.

Buyers might try to compare a home with a pool and upgrades to a home on a smaller lot without a pool and in need of work; they'd have absolutely no idea how to compute the difference in monetary terms.

For example, a buyer might be told the home next door sold for $300,000. That would be enough to make the buyer believe they should be able to offer $300,000 for the home for sale next to it. However, the home for sale next to that home might have an extra bedroom and bath, which would mean it could probably be worth more. How much more is an extra bedroom and bath worth? Buyers do not know.

How Buyers Appraise Homes for Sale

Buyers often make a decision on price based on the competing homes for sale. For example, if they tour an overpriced home, that will make the reasonably priced homes look like a bargain. They might also ask their real estate agent how much they should pay, and the agent might say, for example, that the average sold-price-to-list-price ratio is 98%, which might suggest a 2% price reduction.

Buyers should not ask a real estate agent how much to offer for a home. Most agents are uncomfortable suggesting an offer price since it is not their home, and they may not be able to answer confidently. A buyer should ask a real estate agent to give them enough information to make an informed decision.

Reasons to Avoid Seller-Paid Appraisals

Note

One main reason a seller-paid appraisal is likely to be a waste of money for the seller is that the buyer might not trust the appraisal. On top of this, the buyer's lender most certainly will not accept the seller's appraisal.

The buyer will still need to pay a separate fee for an appraisal to obtain financing. Moreover, it is highly likely that the buyer's lender would require an additional appraisal just before closing to check on the accuracy of the first appraisal. Also, after the market crash of 2008, lenders realized a good appraisal is simply a good estimate of value, and estimates can vary.

While a real estate agent's estimate of value is not an appraisal and should not be construed as such, listing agents generally can do a fairly good job of figuring out a listing price based on comparable sales and market movement.

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Sources
The Balance uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.
  1. The Appraisal Foundation. "What Every Homebuyer Should Know About an Appraisal."

  2. The Appraisal Foundation. "What Is USPAP?"

  3. National Association of Realtors. "Metro Home Prices Rise in 94% of Metro Areas in Fourth Quarter of 2019."

  4. Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB). "What Are Appraisals and Why Do I Need to Look at Them?"

  5. Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB). "My Appraisal Is Less Than the Sale Price. What Does That Mean for Me?"

  6. Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB). "Appraisals for Higher-Priced Mortgage Loans."

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